These days injuries to the peripheral nerves of the upper extremity that necessitate total or partial lession are vety common in the household and working environment. With regard to the majority of these injuries, not only plastic surgeons or neurosurgeons must have knowledges of their correct treatment, but general surgeons as well. The principles of reconstruction of the peripheral nerves of the upper extremity are described. The authors refer to immediate and delayed nerve repair, free nerve grafting, free vascularised nerve grafting, tendon transfer for a paralysed hand, pedicled muscle transfer, functioning free muscle transplantation and neurotisation.

        Klíčová slova: nerve repair, nerve graft, tendon transfer, functioning muscle transfer, neurotisation