Antibiotics (ATB) are ones of the most frequently used medicaments in an outpatient and inpatient health care. Their excessive prescription may have not only an economical but also health impact since bacterial resistance, weakening of immune resistance capacity and secondary undesirable effects may occur. The paper presents findings of a long-term analysis of this group of medicaments in the district of Hodonín concerning the most frequently prescribed ATB groups, the particular ATB in relation to the number of patients and age groups, defined dosages prescribed daily and treatment costs.The particular attention was given to the analysis of ATB sensitivity tests using qualitative and quantitative methods. The special analysis was carried on the treatment of acute tonsillitis (J039) in two compared periods, in particular taking into account themultiple ATB treatment in this diagnosis. For the purpose of comparison, the same analysis was undertaken in children and adult patients in the same periods.

        Key words: antibiotics (ATB) – defined daily dosages (DDD) – ATB treatment in children – ATB sensitivity test – treatment of tonsillitis (J309) in children and adults – multiple ATB treatment in J039 diagnosis