Hydrops fetalis (HF) is a clinical condition in which excessive fluid accumulation in the extravascular compartment of the fetus leads to widespread soft tissue edema/collection of fluid in the fetal body cavities. The prognosis of HF is highly dependent on the underlying pathology and early diagnosis is essential to identify treatable cases. The current classification of immune and nonimunne HF is not sufficient. A more practical approach to describe the etiology of HF is based on the presence or absence of anemia. The distinction between anemic and non-anemic HF allows for a more structured approach towards diagnosis and therapy.

        Key words: hydrops fetalis, etiology, classification, therapy, prognosis