The history of neuroendoscopy dates back to 1806 and follows the developmental milestones of medicine in general, neurosurgery as well as other branches of science, like optics, electronics and computer navigation. In the sphere of diagnostics neuroendoscopy initially lagged behind the use of neuroendoscopy in another medical specialties (urology, gastroenterology, thoracic surgery), but as well as in the area of treatment sphere neuroendoscopy succeeded to match the progress in these medical areas. Famous neurosurgeons like Dandy, Scarff, Mixter, Perneczky added their work to the development of neuroendoscopy. Use of neuroendoscopy in neurosurgery exceeds cerebrospinal fluid space. With the help of imaging modalities and computer science neuroendoscopy determines the rate of progress in the development of minimally invasive surgery.

        Key words: neuroendoscopy – endoscopic third ventriculostomy – history