The author presents the tase-history of a six-month-old infant who on admission gave the impression of a vomiting dehydraacd infant with an impaired interval environment. The premorbid period was uneventful, the infant was fully breast fed. When intravenous rehydratation was started the condition improved promptly and the parameters of the interval environment became normal. Feeding attempts again caused womiting. The asymmetrical auscultatory finding on the lungs, despite the absence of inflammatory markers, was an indication for taking an X-ray of the lungs which revealed a suprising picture typical for diaphragmatic hernu. 5urgery revealed a congenital Bohdalek hernu at a typical site. The stomach and part of the small intestine was in the thoracic cavity. After surgery complete inflation of the lungs occurred and the child recovered completely. Vomiting is in children a very frequent non-specific symptom of different diseases which must always be taken seriously. 5ometimes it is due to a rare condition which is not manifested in a typical way and which is not suspected at first.

        Key words: vomiting, diaphragmatic hernu