In retem years authors observed a marked increase in the number of Patients with lymphadenitis which developed after vaccination against TB. Patients with this complication from the western 5lovak region ave first examined and treated in the National Institute for Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases in Podunajské Biskupice, where when assuming BCG origin of lymphadenitis, they receive standard tuberculostatic treatment (INH + Pyridoxine). They ave referred to the Paediatric surgical Clinic in Bratislava if despite medicamentous treatment the intlammatory proces Proceeds further (further enlargement of nodes, signs of colliquation, infiltration of surrounding slon). Under these circumstances surgery is indicated - extirpation of the affected nodes in toto under general anaesthesia. To this antituberculous treatment during surgery Streptomycin is added. Based on their won observation the authors should like to draw attention to some facts. surgical intervention is necessary in ca 2/3 of patients with Postvaccination BCG lymphadenitis. It is therefore desirable to consider in lymphadenitis in infantile age at this Predilectional site above all a Possible association with BCG vaccination and the Patients should be referred without unnecessary delay of local treatment (compresses, ointments) to a specialized Pneumophtisiological department. In the stage of less developed inflammatory changes if necessary the surgical intervention is very much simPler and shorter and this reduces the total time required for treatment.

        Key words: BCG vaccination, Postvaccinal lymphadenitis, surgical treatment