The article presents an overview of recent findings in the molecular pathobiochemistry of heart failure. In particular, the author describes a role for disturbances in beta-adrenergic signalisation, and the importance both of the renine-angiotensine-aldosterone systém and of natriuretic peptides (ANP, BNP). In addition, new methods of laboratory diagnostics and advances in the treatment of heart failure are presented. With its increasing incidence in the population, this clinical syndrome is becoming a greater health and socio-eco nomic problém, and one which requires effective prevention.

        Key words: heart failure, molecular biochemistry, diagnostics and therapy