Some changes of the environment and the extension of travel create conditions for the development of diseases with an endemic incidence typical for remote counties to develop also in our geographical zone. One of these groups are haemorrhagic fevers. The submitted paper gives an account of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HHRS). In the etiology of the disease some stralns of hantaviruses are involved. Although HHRS affects malnly adults, manifestation in child age is also possible. In Europe staying in Scandinavia or Croatia/Bosna and Hercegovina is associated with the risk of HHRS. The immunity rafe as regards hantaviruses among some smalt rodents is, however, also known in the Czech Republic and therefore it is useful to consider HHRS in the differential diagnosis.

        Key words: haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, hantavirus, child age