Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disease. Some patients present with a mild form while others with moderate or complicated forms of the disease. At present, GPs can prescribe all of the proton pump inhibitors available on the Czech market. Thus, the majority of patients with GERD are treated and followed by their GPs while patients with complications are usually treated by gastroenterologists. However, there are many myths concerning GERD which háve an impact on the management of patients with GERD. For example many GPs, as well as gastroenterologists, do not prescribe drugs for long term treatment as they do not consider GERD to be a chronic disease; doctors often think that the nocturnal reflux is more important than the day-time (upright) reflux (the contrary is true); each hiatal hernia is often considered to require surgical treatment; omeprazole (the most frequent PPI ušed in the Czech Republic) is administered in the evening instead of in the morning; the role of prokinetic drugs is often overestimated; the term "reflux esophagitis" is ušed inappropriately, many patients are treated inadequately by out-of dáte drugs such as H2 receptor antagonists or metoclopramide; the indications for pH metry monitoring are not clear; there is a belief that treatment with an H2-receptor antagonist is cheaper than with proton pump inhibitors (the contrary seems to be true); etc. In this article we try to serve as "myths busters" for GPs. We hope to provoke an interesting discussion and believe it will help to improve the management of patients with GERD.

        Key words: proton pump inhibitors, H2-receptor antagonists, gastroesophageal reflux disease