Current trends in the treatment of oncologically diseased patients are aimed at comprehensive conception and at evaluation of all aspects influencing the health state of the patient including the psychical factors. Behavioral research studies the biological, psychological and social markers. It has brought more effective and more comprehensive therapeutical activities, including psychotherapy, sociotherapy and psychopharmacotherapy. It is sure that malignant tumors, their development and treatment represent a serious psychical stress. It is often connected with pain, severe body complains, and also with lowering or loss of the social position, reduction of social contacts and in serious cases with the threat of death. It can result an increasing dependence, anxiety, phobia and hopelessness. According to experts, the emotional reactions of oncologically diseased are similar to reactions of patients suffering from other chronic diseases.

        Key words: oncologically diseased, depression, pain, antidepressants.