Significance of Assessing of Serological Markers in Patients with Celiac
Disease
1 , 2Ilavská A., 3Paulovičová E., 2Mikulecký M.
1Interné oddelenie Železničnej nemocnice s poliklinikou, Bratislava 2Klinické oddelenie Ústavu preventívnej a klinickej medicíny, Bratislava 3Oddelenie klinickej imunológie a alergológie Národného ústavu tuberkulózy a respiračných chorôb, Bratislava |
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Summary:
Background. Coeliac disease is presently considered to be an autoimmune disorder. Basis for the diagnosis is the
invasive histochemical examination of the intestinal biopsy. Pathologic changes are classified into three grades
according to the villous atrophy. Due to the autoimmune process, the patients serum levels of the specific and
nonspecific antibodies, more which easily accessible to investigation, are increase.
Methods and Results. One hundred thirty six probands (32 with coeliakia, 72 with other gastrointestinal disorders
and 32 healthy ones) were included into the study. The antiendomysial, antireticular and antigliadin antibodies were
examined. Results were compared with the histological finding in the gut sample. The highest sensitivity was found
for antigliadin IgA antibodies (81 %) and antiendomysial antibodies (75 %). High specificity of the reaction in
healthy subjects as well as in those with other gastrointestinal disorders (up to 100 %), was found for antiendomysial
and antireticular antibodies.
Conclusions. The most appropriet screening test the diagnosis of coeliac disease, appears to be the examination
of the antigliadin antibodies of the class IgA and that of antiendomysial antibodies. On the basis of serology, today’s
high rate of underdiagnosing the disease can be prevented. However, the tests cannot differentiate between different
degrees of the histological damage of the gut.
Key words:
coeliac disease, intestinal biopsy, antiendomysial, antireticular and antigliadin antibodies.
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