Atherogenesis is a complex process involving several pathophysiological subsystems. Development of molecu- lar biology techniques have made possible an active search for genetic components of atherosclerosis. There is a vast number of candidate genes that either predispose or provide resistance to disease. This work provides a review of the most important genes involved in the metabolism of lipoproteins, coagulation and thrombolysis, platelet function, hypertension, regulation of vascular tone etc. The strategy of a practical approach to using genetic testing in the field of dyslipidaemias is also discussed.

        Key words: atherosclerosis, candidate gene, polymorphism, familial hypercholesterolaemia.