Background. Allogeneic transplantation of haematopoietic progenitor cells is a therapeutic method for many patients, especially with haematological malignancies. However, the conditioning regimen preceding transplantation is rather toxic. During the last years, there is a tendency to replace this toxic regimen by a non-myeloablative and less toxic one and to rely more on posttransplant immune-mediated graft versus tumour reaction. Methods and Results. According to the published data, we chose a combination of fludarabine, busulphan, and anti-T-lymphocyte globulin together with cyclosporin A as a pre-transplant regimen. We transplanted five patients after administration of this regimen. We selected high-risk patients due to their higher age or poor status. The early post-transplant course was accompanied by mild complications only. Four patients are alive and one patient died from progression of an underlying malignant disease. Conclusions. Contrary to classic transplantation, allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation after a non-myeloablative regimen is a very promising method accompanied only with minor early complications. However, its long-term anti-tumour potential can be evaluated after a longer follow-up of greater number of treated patients.

        Key words: allogeneic transplantation, non-myeloablative regimen, ATG, busulphan, fludarabine.