Recently, the number of information about the possibilities of determining the presence and extent of a cerebral lesion by means of examining certain parameters in venous blood (e.g. S-100) has been increasing. This diagnostic method could significantly accelerate and improve the diagnostics of the central nervous system (CNS) damage. The report aimed at determining the diagnostic validity (sensitivity and specificity) of examining S-100 in venous blood of patients with cerebral vascular accident, or any other CNS lesion. Thirty-four probands – patients of the Department of Neurology, Hospital in Šternberk, were investigated. According to the CNS involvement, they were divided into two groups (ischemic cerebrovascular accident - CVA/without ischemic CVA, and any CNS involvement/without any CNS involvement). In all the subjects a CT examination of the brain was carried out and S100 concentration (EC2010) was determined. In persons with ischemic CVA (n = 16) the values of S-100 were significantly higher if compared with those without CVA (n = 18) (medians 0.16 vs 0.06, p = 0.01). Patients with any involvement of the CNS (n = 22) also showed significantly higher levels of S-100 in comparison with subjects without this affection (n = 12) (medians 0.11 vs 0.06, p = 0.03). Sensitivity for the presence of ischemic CVA was 63%, specificity 92% at the concentration of S-100 > 0.1, µg/l, (AUC ROC 0.79, 95% CI 0.6 – 0.92). Sensitivity for the presence of any CNS affection was 50%, specificity 88% at the concentration of S-100 > 0.1, µg/l (AUC ROC 0.76, 95%, CI 0.57 – 0.9). The determination of S 100 in venous blood has shown sufficient diagnostic efficiency for the estimation of the presence of a CNS affection.

        Key words: S100; stroke; central nervous system