The authors examined samples of epimacular tissue obtained during the sur-geries of the idiopathic macular hole in different stages of the disease by means of transmission electronic microscopy. In the early stages of the disease only the inner limiting membráně with isolated cells on the vitreous side was present, in later ones of the disease the connective tissue membráně was attached. In rare cases of the later stages of the disease they found the presence of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). They suppose the RPE plays an important role in the regeneration of the defects of the reti

        Key words: peeling of the inner limiting membráně (ILM), macular hole, transmission electronic microscopy