In a retrospective study comprising 12 patients with the diagnosis or orbital myositis the authors present an account on the importance of standardized echography for the differential diagnosis and for the follow-up of the disease in relation to treatment. They describe the sonographic finding in affected oculomotor muscles and in myositis of the upper oblique muscle incl. the echographic finding of trochleitis. Theauthors discuss echographic signs of myositis (thickness and shape of muscle, reflectivity and internal structure) in image A and image B and their correlation with the histopathological finding. The authors discuss differential diagnostically important differences of the echographic picture of myositis, endocrine myopathy and others.

        Key words: echography, oculomotor muscles, myositis