The following recommendation continues the recommendations for diagnostics and therapy of hyperlipoproteinemias in childhood in the Czech Society for Atherosclerosis from 1998 and reflects the changes in evolution of incidence of dyslipidemia and other risk factors of ischemic heart disease at the child population, such as obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance and smoking. It also continues the recommendations of the American Heart Association, published recently in 2007. The recommendations contribute to practical strategy for prevention of atherosclerosis in childhood, performed particularly by physicians engaged in the care of children and adolescents and children cardiologists.One of the main tasks of pediatricians is to preventively influence the child population as a whole, but especially to disclose children at a high risk of premature atherosclerosis, i.e. namely children with familial hypercholesterolemia and familial defect of lipoprotein B-100 and to apply adequate therapy. The recommendation gives proper attention to most recent knowledge in the area of pathophysiology of dyslipidemias and experience from novel therapeutic procedures in children. The recommendation includes table with practical guide for everyday practice aimed at values which should be reached and remedies to be applied.

        Key words: dyslipidemia, recommendations, children, cardiovascular diseases, prevention