The authors summarize pathophysiological aspects, most frequent causes, diagnostic and therapeutic management of swelling conditions at the child age. They specifically analýze generalized and localized swelling and present their differential-diagnostic proceduře. The first step of rational diagnostic algorithm is a detailed anamnestic analysis and careful physical examination, which provides key information for planning laboratory examination and establishment of causal therapy. The prognosis of edemas at the child age is overwhelmingly favorable, but the clinical picture may cover even serious, life-threatening diseases.

        Key words: edemas at the child age, diagnostic algorithm, causal therapy