In a group of 19 patients with hemato-oncological diseases (with 21 intestinal diseases) the authors verified the applicability of ultrasonography as a method of choice for the detection and follow-up the development of inflammatory intestinal complications. Sensitivity proved to be 86%. Although there are signs characteristic for individual diseases, ultrasonographic examination alone is unable for reliable establishment of etiology. Ultrasonography therefore may not be a definitive method or should be accompanied by a cultivation examination, serology, the determination of toxins in the stools or a biopsy. In cases, where the ultrasonographic examination does not provide clear results or the examination under difficult conditions does not provide sufficient quality, computing tomography is to be recommended.

        Key words: intestine – inflammatory diseases – ultrasonography – hematological tumors