A total of 22 patients with suspected compartment syndrome in the lower extremity were treated over the period of the last ten years at the Paediatric Traumatological Centre in Brno. CS was confirmed in 15 cases of these patients and incisions of intrafascial areas were performed in the course of treatment, 13 times on the middle leg and twice on the thigh. A conservative procedure was selected in 6 cases when diagnosis was not clearly confirmed: twice on the foot and 4 times on the middle leg. In diagnostics and treatment we definitely prefer permanent monitoring of intrafascial pressures and performance of adequate fasciotomies. Therapeutic results revealed to be good in implementing a correct procedure. Prevention of the iatrogenic ratio of this serious syndrome caused particularly by late assessment of diagnosis is important.

        Key words: lower extremity – compartment syndrome – children