Toxic autonomous adenoma, independent adenoma of the thyroid gland is one of the three most frequent causes of hyperthyroidismand thyrotoxicosis resp. (along with Grave’s disease and polynodular toxic goitre). The incidence of multifocal or disperse autonomy is quite rare. All these conditions are characterized by secretion of thyroid hormones, regardless of the needs of the organism. This leads to the clinical picture of the disease. The manifestations resemble classical Grave’s disease, although a milder form. Modern diagnosis is based on laboratory examination, sonography (FNAB), scintigraphy. The strategy of treatment is determined by the endocrinologist who uses thyrostatic preparations. Definite treatment are surgery and radioiodine treatment. Surgery involves either hemithyroidectomy or total thyroidectomy. Subsequent treatment by an endocrinologist is essential. The authors present a group of 58 patients treated by surgery in the course of eight years. Part of the analysis is statistical processing of the group, the frequency of different types of surgical operations on the thyroid gland, the incidence of postoperative complications.

        Key words: toxic autonomous thyroid adenoma, laboratory examination, sonography, surgical treatment.