Purpose: Vitreomacular traction syndrome, as a result of a partial posterior vitreous detachment associated with persistent macular adherens, causes a deto- riation of visual functions. Authors evaluate their results of the surgical treatment of the vitreomacular traction syndrome. Material and method: Three male and two female (5 eyes) aged from 58 to 69 years (medium 63,8) with vitreomacular traction syndrome were enrolled in the retro- spective study. The antero - posterior traction of the vitreous associated with adhesion around the macula and the optic disc was present in all cases. Macular hole was observed in one case, epiretinal membranes in four cases and partial traction retinal detachment of the macula were observed in three cases. Pars plana vitrectomy combined with an intraocular injection of the expanding gas (4x 30% SF6, 1x 20% C3F8) was performed in all eyes. Epiretinal membrane were removed in eyes, when any evidence was present. The autologous serum was used in patient with macular hole. Patients maintained the face - down position for 1 week postoperatively. Results: The follow up period ranged from 10 to 21 months (mean 12,5 months). The visual acuity improved in two lines of Snellen’s optotype in two cases and did not changed in two cases. The visual acuity did not change in patient withrecurence of the epiretinal membrane and in the patient with persistent cystoid macular edema. Visual acuity decreased in one eye with anterior proliferative vitreoretinopaty. This eye is still filled with silicone oil. Conclusion: Pars plana vitrectomy is the method of choice in the surgical treat- ment of the vitreomacular traction syndrome. This patogenic oriented surgery eliminates one of the possible causes of the vitreomacular traction syndrome: antero-posterior traction of the vitreous.

        Key words: vitreomacular traction syndrome, pars plana vitrectomy