During the last decade several papers were published where obesity in included among the building stones of the so-called metabolic cardiovascular syndrome (along with hypertension, dyslipidaemia, impaired glucose tolerance and hyperinsulinaemia). Several months ago it was also revealed that some patients with the metabolic syndrome suffer from hyperleptinaemia. Leptinaemia is considered by some authors as independet indicator of the risk of accelerated atherosclerosis. The cause of these hypothesis were (in addition to the known conclusions on the occurrent frequent incidence of leptin resistance and insulin resistance) in particular the results of experimental studies where evidence was provided that infusion induced hyperleptinaemia leads in animals to hypertension due to its direct effect on sympathicotonia and peripheral vascular resistance. The authors of these hypothesis assume that hyperleptinaemia (in particu- lar in subjects with metabolic syndrome) is one of the basic causes of hypertension which is frequently encountered in these patients. Objective. To assess the relations between leptinaemia and the blood pressure reading (actual and mean values) and leptinaemia and the classification of hypertension according to WHO. Method. The authors examined 35 hypertensive subject and 10 subject with tetanies (without hypertension). The blood pressure was assessed under standard conditions (rest, semi-recumbent position, three readings). The mean blood pressure readings during the last three months were obtained from case records. Leptin was assessed by the ELISA method of Bio Vendor Co. Results. The group of hypertonic can be classified as subjects with mild obesity (BMI 30.1). The values of leptin were elevated but did not differ significantly from those of the normal population. No correlations were found between leptinaemia (incl. values calculated for BMI) and the actual and mean blood pressure readings. No correlations were found between leptinaemia (incl. BP calculated with regard to BMI) and the stage of hypertension according to WHO.Conclusion. Hypertonic subject do not differ significantly as to the serum leptin concentration from the general population. Leptinaemia does not correlate with the actual or mean blood pressure reading nor with stage of hypertension according to the WHO classification. Thus the authors did not confirm the hypothesis on the fundamental effect of leptinaemia on the genesis and development of hypertension. It is probable that leptin is only one of the many factors which have an impact on blood pressure.

        Key words: Hypertension - Leptinaemia - No correlation found.