A cross sectional study was conducted in children aged 2–3 years and of the preventive background of their home care in the City of Prague in 1997–1998. The mean count of dmf teeth amounted to 0.34 and this value did not differ significantly from the data of 1991. In two thirds of children toothbrushing with fluoride toothpastes began in two years of a ge, one third was given tablets, mostly since the 6th month or one year of age. Two thirds of children were seen first by dentist at the age of 2–3. The most of families prefer bottled waters for the preparation of child’s food and drinks, one third of them prefer Good water. The most of mothers revealed sufficient level of oral health preventive knowledge while only one third of them practiced this knowledge in the child’s care.

        Key words: caries experience – deciduous dentition – children aged 2–3 years – fluoride prevention