Up to date there is no doubt that both active and passive smoking is very strong risk factor for human health. Children are especially vulnerable to the damages caused by their prenatal and postnatal exposure to cigarette smoke. In contrast, there are few possibilities to protect children through the official tobacco control legislative, as they are predominantly exposed at home. In Czech Republic, several programmes for antimoking intervention for diffe- rent target groups of population have been developed and evaluated. Physicians’ influence on the tobacco control is essential and their participation in some suitable anti-smoking programmes significantly enhances their importance.

        Key words: smoking - intervention programmes - pregnant women - parents - children