The aim of study was evaluation of the prognostic factors in critically ill patients with haematologic malignity. 39 patients were enrolled in the study. Detailed evaluation is made from data of 24 patients without bone marrow transplantation. The bone marrow transplanted patients were subject of another study. All the patients came from the Department of Haematology of University Hospital Královské Vinohrady and the Institue of Haematology and Blood Transfusion. The patients were admitted to the intensive care unit in the Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care of University Hospital Královské Vihohrady between January 1999 and December 2000. The authors performed an open and retrospective analysis. The results are presented in primary form due to the small number of patients. The important factors of prognostic value were: complication which caused the state requiring intensive care (pneumonia has better prognosis than sepsis from other locality), duration of severe leukopenia in critically ill patient (leukopenia, i.e. white blood cells < 1000/mm 3 , for more than 7 days was associated with adverse prognosis) and the extent of multiorgan failure – MOF (patients with more than 4 organ systems failed had little chance to survive). The authors did not show the association between survival or mortality and the type of haematologic malignity. With careful indication for admitting the patient to the intensive care unit, i.e. elimination of patients in terminal and non-curable stage of basic disease, the overall prognosis can be surprisingly favourable. In this study 50 %patients survived the critical complication which required intensive care. Long-term survival rate after that complication is 25 % so far. The authors emphasize the importance of early initiation of positive pressure ventilation as the prevention of systemic hypoxia.

        Key words: patient with haematologic malignity – critical state – sepsis – leukopenia – multiorgan failure (MOF)