The study is focused on cytologic and biochemical changes in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) at the group of patients from the Clinic of Burns Medicine at the University Hospital Královské Vinohrady in Prague. Only patients with inhalation trauma were involved in the study. The obtained data are from BAL measurements collected between intubation and extubation. There was the greater number of polymorphonuclears in the first two weeks in all patients. After 2-3 weeks there was a gradual increase in the number of macrophages at four patients and three patients had still the greater number of polymorphonuclears. There was a positive findings of PCNA at one patient and other markers (bcl-2, p53) were negative. The cytoflowmetry proved the increase in number of CD3 cells by 20% in one patient. The amount of proteins in the last BAL just before extubation was lower than 22 g/l. Serin proteinase activity was lower than 50 ncat/l at five patients and the ratio of MMP-8/TIMP-2 was higher than one in all analysed samples. There was no development of lung inflammation into chronic stadium. Two patients died.

        Key words: inhalation trauma - BAL - cytologie - proteinases.