The author discusses contemporary care of child diabetes. She deals with the difficult metabolic control in conjunction with different age groups. With regard to the risk of life threatening acute complications and the high risk of severe chronic diabetic complications the author emphasizes the necessity not only of high standard insulin treatment but in particular the necessity of high standard and quantitatively available monitoring of metabolic control and the system of training and educating diabetic patients.

        Key words: diabetes mellitus type 1 – insulin treatment – monitoring of metabolic indicators – unstable compensation – education of the patient – diabetic complications