Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a proliferative retinopathy which affects pre-term infants. ROP occurs primarily at the advancing edge of vascularization and consists of arrested spread of vessels, proliferation of endothelial cells, formation of arteriovenous shunt and in some cases, neovascularization. To date only the surgical approach for advanced ROP is acceptable, other ways are still in experimental stages of development. Purpose: Because of the early development of fibrovascular proliferative tissue, vitreous surgery before the fovea is pulled anteriorly, may lead to successful results. Methods: Data from literature and own experiences lead the authors to use retinal re-attachment procedures to restore normal anatomic relation between the retina and choroid in affected eyes. Results: 6 cases demonstrated that retinal detachments caused by fibrous proliferations that pull the retina upward to a fibrotic membrane on the posterior lens capsule can be treated successfully. Conclusion: Stages ROP when the retinal detachment threatening fovea are recommended for successful surgical repair of retinal detachment in ROP only.

        Key words: retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), pars plana vitrectomy for ROP