Objective: To present an overview of trials and discussion focused on the method of single embryo transfer leading to reduction of multiple pregnancy rate. Subject: Review article. Setting: Centre of Assisted Reproduction SANUS, Hradec Králové. Subject and method: Transfer of two embryos after IVF results in high multiple birth (25%) associated with increased morbidity for mother and children. Results of randomized controlled trials show that SET offers live birth rate approximately 35% with minimizing the risk of twins. The trials suggest to perform SET in a group of young women (≤ 36 years old), in the first or second cycle and only with sufficient number of good quality embryos. Conclusions: Data demonstrates that a single embryo transfer strategy, currently including one fresh single embryo transfer and one addition frozen-thawed SET, results in a live birth rate comparable with double embryo transfer and significantly reduces multiple birth rate.

        Key words: IVF, eSET, pregnancy rate, twins