Tuberculosis has been present in humans for thousands of years; one third of the worlďs population is esti-mated to be infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The genitourinary form is rare but still one of the most common forms of extra pulmonary tuberculosis. Increasing migration (especially from Eastern Europe and Asia), the AIDS pandemie, immunosuppressive therapy and non-coordinated therapy are reál threats for an inerease in the incidence of tuberculosis, and the genitourinary form, in Central and Western European countries as well. Awareness of this disease, early and precise diagnosis as well as effective and coordina-ted treatment could reduce this hazard.

        Key words: tuberculosis, genitourinary, diagnosis, treatment.