Despite its notorious extensive consequences compartment syndrome is generally underrated high risk states are not adequately monitored and treated and therefore there is a number of seriously injured child patients. Late surgical intervention and incorrect therapy are responsible for consequences and incomplete recovery. The authors present the case of a 9-year-old boy treated for a diaphyseal fracture of the thigh by vertical traction, where compartment syndrome developed during treatment and did not receive adequate attention. A combination of the incorrect procedure and the insufficient monitoring of the patient led to his permanent disability.

        Key words: compartment syndrome – late diagnosis – children