Iodiuria is an important indicator of iodine saturation of the organism. The objective of thesubmitted paper was to assess the iodiuria of the Czech population in 1995-2000 in children and adults from selected districts. Iodiuria was assessed in a sample of morning urine in 553 adults (405 males, 148 females, 203 smokers, 350 non-smokers, mean age 35 years) and 819 children (414 boys and 405 girls, meanage 9.9 years) by theICP-MSmethod. In 2000, the iodiuria in adults increased as compared with 1995 and 1996 resp. (median 130 ug/l vs.85 and 86 ug/l resp.). In children also a significant increase of iodiuria was found in 2000 (median 220 ug/l) as compared with 1996,1997 and 1999 (median 146 ug/l, 203 ug/l and 202 ug/l. No significant difference was found betweenmenandwomen, boysandgirls,smokers and non-smokers at any of the investigated intervals. The percentage distribution of iodiuria indicates that there was a decline in the percentage of adults and children with iodiuria lower than 100 ug iodine/l urine.

        Key words: iodine - iodine deficiency disorders - iodiuria - biological monitoring