Hyperkinetic disorders do not represent a myth, but a diagnosic category F90, which develops in all age groups - from the childhood to adult age. A delayed neurovegetative development. Creates burdening situations in life, which results in vulnerability of the individual. Minimal organic damage and accumulation of externals stresses follow to maladaptive with high psychiatric co-morbidity. The imaging techniques show disorder in the regulation of cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit with almost zero right-left asymmetry. The treatment with stimulants proved to be successful, especially when combined with a cognitivebehavior therapy.

        Key words: hyperkinetic disorders, etiology, imaging techniques, comorbidity, therapy.