Endophthalmitis is one of the most serious complications after surgery of cataract. The reported incidence is 0.07 to 0.58%. The authors evaluate a group of 34 cases of endophthalmitis from a total of 13 247 eyes operated on account of cataract in 1990 to 1999 at the ophthalmological department of the Central Military Hospital. They describe the method used and the results. The conclusions are summarized as follows: 1. Early pars plana vitrectomy in developing endophthalmitis improves the chances of maintaining satisfactory visual functions. 2. After the change to ambulatory surgery the authors did not record a higher percentage of postoperative endophthalmitis. 3. As a rule surgical solution of endophthalmitis does not call for IOL.

        Key words: endophthalmitis, pars plana vitrectomy, cataract