Objective: The presentation of two unusual cases of pelvic actinomycosis. Subject: Case reports. Settings: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Kladno. Subject and Method: The observation of two cases of pelvic actinomycosis. These cases were complicated by the abdominal wall fistula in one case and vaginal fistula in the other. Conclusion: Actinomycosis is a chronic disease with tendency to progress per continuitatem into neighbouring tissues and with tendency to formation of fistulas. Two less common localisations of progress of the disease are described; it means the abdominal wall and vagina. In spite of a more advanced stadium, if adequately treated, a recovery ad integrum is common.

        Key words: pelvic actinomycosis, actinomyces, intrauterine device, fistula