Systematic bilateral neck exploration remains the gold standard for the treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism. Techniques of miniinvasive parathyroidectomy have been developing on the basis of the improvement of preoperative localization methods. The miniinvasive videoasissted parathyroidectomy was performed in 17 from 123 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. All patients were examined using ultrasonography and sestamibi scintigraphy; the level of inactive parathormone was monitored peroperatively. One patient required a conversion to the bilateral neck exploration. Authors emphasize the necessity of the good knowledge of the classical bilateral neck exploration for the correct performance of the operation. Mininvasive videoasisted parathyroidectomy is a safe method in patients with a single, preoperatively localized adenoma.

        Key words: primary hyperparathyroidism – parathyroidectomy – parathyroid adenoma – miniinvasive approach