Many neurological diseases lead to permanent respiratory insufficiency. Regular and careful observation of ambulatory patients is important. Detection of early clinical symptoms typical for respiratory insufficiency, repeated assessment of the vital capacity, examination of blood gases and polysomnographic examinations make early respiratory support of patients possible. Non-invasive ventilation is, beyond doubt, preferable to invasive methods. The authors mention different techniques of non-invasive respiratory support used on domiciliary care. Domiciliary respiratory care is pretentious and requires adequate social, health and economic conditions.

        Key words: respiratory insufficiency, domiciliary respiratory care, neuromuscular diseases, non-invasive and invasive ventilation