The authors introduced methods for the quantitative assessment of soluble HLA molecules (ELISA) and their weight variants (Western blot) in serum with the aim to follow up the dynamics of sHLA levels after bone marrow transplantations in particular in conjunction with posttransplantation complications (graft rejection, GVHD, infections). So far 25 pairs of donors – recipients of bone marrow were examined. The levels of soluble HLA molecules class I (sHLA-I) in patients were higher than in their HLA-corresponding potential bone marrow donors as well as in relation to the control group of donors. When the posttransplantation course was not complicated the sHLA levels followed the leucocyte curve. After normalization of the haemogram the concentration of different variants of sHLA-I did not differ quantitatively from health subjects. The correlation of the dynamics of sHLA and its variants with the incidence of GVHD and infectious complications is presented in case-reports. The clinical study is still underway.

        Key words: soluble HLA, bone marrow transplantation, GVHD