The authors submit the case of a 30-year-old man who was treated for a period of seven months for inflammatory bowel disease based on incomplete colonoscopy supplemented by histology. Conservative treatment with aminosalicylates and corticosteroids did not lead to conclusive remission. On account of massive haemorrhagic diarrhoea the patient was transferred to the gastroenterological clinic. After control of the acute condition he was invited for a check-up examination. During the latter total colonoscopy was performed with the finding of an expansive process of the right colon of uncertain biological nature on account of which dextrolateral hemicolectomy was indicated. The macroscopic finding of the resected portion revealed a massive bizarre polyposis of the colon ascendens, histologically of the hamartogenic type close to Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. The authors emphasize the importance of complete colonoscopic examination when bowel inflammatory disease of the gut is suspected as well as the problem of non-standard interpretation of results of endoscopic examinations and they draw particular attention to the possibility of secondary inflammatory changes of the colon in areas close to expansive processes.

        Key words: inflammatory bowel disease – ulcerative colitis – hamartogenic polyposis – Peutz-Jeghers syndro- me