In recent years a number of new findings was revealed on the neurophysiology and pathophysiology of gait. These findings bring new views on the control of movement and are the starting point for new approaches to rehabilitation. The author reviews some methods of gait rehabilitation in neurological patients. He mentions the use of rhythmic stimulation, in particular auditory. He deals also with the problem of partial body weight support (treadmill), mentions modern approaches to functional electric stimulation, the use of gait orthoses and parawalkers. The common features of these different techni- ques comprise: – Attempts of as early verticalization as possible and bipedal locomotion, as the vertical position and bipedal locomotion are from the physiological, kinesiological and psychological aspect most natural for man. – Inhibition of spasticity in particular of antigravitational muscles, restriction of pathological co-contractions. – External induction of a more physiological rhythm of gait, a more natural and more effective locomotior pattern and proportions of the gait cycle, mechanically or by different variants of electric or e.g. auditory stimulation. In the near future we may anticipate further development, more accurate indications and in some instances also more extensive application in practice.

        Key words: auditory rhythmic stimulation, EMG feedback, functional electric stimulation, gait, gait trainer, hybrid systems, gait orthosis, parawalker, reciprocal gait orthosis, rehabilitation, rhythmic stimulation, treadmill with partial body weight support