The authors summarize their more than ten years’ experience and results obtained by aimed exami- nations of the small intestine using enteroclysis in more than 3000 patients. They compare the pathological pictures of different typical diseases of the small intestine, compare the findings obtained on examination by enteroclysis, ultrasound and computed tomography. They mention the main differential diagnostic signs of different diseases and their typical pictures. The authors summarize also the advantages and disadvantages of different imaging method and indications for their use. Enteroclysis is a standard examination method. Its advantage is evaluation of the whole small intestine, a good topographic and anatomical overview, the possibility to evaluate the mucosa and lumen of the digestive tract and indirectly evaluate also the entire wall of the small intestine and its surrounding structures. Ultrasonographic examination (US, US enteroclysis) seem the best method for screening. The basic advantage of ultrasound is the possibility to evaluate the wall of the gastric tract and its layers, to assess the spread of the disease to neighbouring structures and the presence of possible complications of the disease (abscess, fistulas). Recently by the use of so-called US angiography it was made possible to evaluate also the vascularization of the reinforced wall of the affected portion of the small intestine and thus also the possible activity of the inflammation. CT examination, in particular CT enteroclysis, is a well standardized method where in addition to the affection of the wall of the digestive tract also the spread of the pathological process to surrounding tissues can be evaluated.

        Key words: enteroclysis - CT enteroclysis - US enteroclysis - small intestine