The radioisotope department in Motol was established on the 1st of June 1957 as the part of The Research Institute of Endocrinology founded by Assoc. Prof. Karel Šilink. In the beginning, the Radioizodepartment included 20 beds and its main activity consisted of radioiodine treatment of hyperthyroidism. Since 1965 the attention has been paid to the treatment of thyroid cancer, and this tradition continues till this time. The article reviews the main directions of development of this department since the very beginning to present.

        Key words: thyroid oncology, radioisotopes, Institute of Endocrinology in Prague.