The neglect syndrome is a selective disorder of awareness of stimuli from the middle of the space contralateral to the cerebral lesion. It is usually associated with cortical lesions of the parietal lobe of the non-dominant hemisphere. It is however known that the same symptomatology can be produced also by lesions of the dextrolateral, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of the medial frontal area incl. the anterior cingulum, rarely also damage of the basal ganglia or mesencephalic cingulum, or mesencephalic and thalamic reticular formation. The authors demonstrate in the presented case-record the neglect syndrome in a patient with a precisely defined thalamic lesion and in the subsequent discussion they deal with the concept of the neurocognitive network and role of thalamic reticular nuclei to ensure conscious processing of stimuli.

        Key words: neglect syndrome, extinction phenomenon, neurocognitive network, thalamic gating