Atrial fibrilation is of the most frequent arrhythmias in our population and is on the increase. Its overall prevalence is 0.5%, and in the population of aver 65 years of age it is 5%, and in those over 75 years even 9%. Its occurrence in patients suffering cardiovascular affections leads to a twofold morbidity and mortality and is the most frequent cause of a cerebral vascular event. Unlike other cardial arrhythmias the treatment of atrial fibrilation has no uniform pattern, and an individual approach is necessary. As a basis of therapy in newly established cases of atrial fibrilation pharmacological treatment namely with IC and group III anti-arrhythmicals is preferred. The authors present a review of therapy under check-up of ventricular response, the options of anticoagulation treatment as well as non-pharmacological treatment of atrial fibrilation.

        Key words: atrial fibrilation - treatment - anti-arrhythmicals - beta-blockers - cathetrizing ablation.