Cystic fibrosis is a severe multisystemic autosomal recessively inherited disease. The disease becomes manifest with repeating respiratory tract infections, failure to thrive, high concentrations of salt in the sweat, and other complications. Up to 98% of adult men suffering from cystic fibrosis are infertile. Management of cystic fibrosis must be complex, systematic, and should be managed by an experienced team of specialists. The expensive treatment the authors describe wasn’t fully accessible to patients until the year 1989. Comparing the status of patients on different therapeutic regimes allows assessing the importance of modern treatment and its influence upon nutritional status, lung function, and patient survival. A group of 639 patients diagnosed between 1960 and June 6, 2007 at the CF Centre of Faculty Hospital Motol, Prague, was divided into three cohorts according to year of birth. Cohort I comprised 187 patients born before the year 1975. In cohort II are included 165 patients born between January 1, 1976 and December 31, 1985. Cohort III consists of 287 patients born after January 1, 1986. Cohort III is further divided into two subgroups. Authors compared semi-longitudinal anthropometric and spirometric data in each category using the t-test. The length of survival in each group was analysed using Kaplan-Mayer’s function of survival and the cohorts were compared using the Long Rank test. High mortality rate, poor nutritional status, which especially worsened during puberty, and growth retardation were characteristic for the oldest cohort. Modern treatment methods applied in cohort II led to improvement of nutritional status, central airway obstruction, and increased median of survival from 16.3 to 25.3 years. Modern treatment from early childhood in cohort III led to improvement of peripheral airway obstruction and a higher age of survival. Intensive treatment from early childhood lowers mortality during childhood to a minimum. Authors have proven that modern management of CF improves nutritional status, lung function, and age of survival.

        Key words: cystic fibrosis, complex management, longitudinal follow-up, survival, lung function, nutritional status