Objective: To summarize all currently used and experimental, hysteroscopic and non-hysteroscopic methods of endometrial ablation and resection, their indications, operation techniques, and treatment results. Design: Literary review. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty and Faculty Hospital, Charles university, Èapkovo námìstí 1, Plzeò, Czech Republic. Methods: Analysis of the literature (textbooks, medical journals, database Medline, Current Contents, Embase, PubMed). Results and conclusion: Endometrial ablation and resection play an important role in the treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Hysteroscopic methods visualize the uterine cavity and enable to treat in it at the same time. Non-hysteroscopic methods are less invasive for the patient and comfortable for the surgeon. Both groups of methods have similar treatment results.

        Key words: endometrial ablation, endometrial resection, hysteroscopy