Background. The number of diseases caused by yeast and fungi has been increasing recently. The primary disease is caused by dermatophytes and Cryptococcus neoformans. Other types of yeast and fungi can cause secondary infections of patients with predisposition factors. Among the mycotic diseases diagnosed in our laboratory can be included candidosis, cryptococcosis, aspergillosis and mucormycosis. Methods and Results. In haematological patients Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, Candida tropicalis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae are the most frequently diagnosed. Conclusions. Together with the increased number of examined samples, the rising number of strains resistant to azole antimycotics can be observed.

        Key words: primary pathogen, secondary pathogen, exoinfection, endoinfection, candidosis, cryptococcosis, aspergillosis, mucormycosis, antimycotics.