Influence of Early Postnatal Nutrition in Preterm Infants on
Their Anthropometric and Hormonal Characteristics at the Age of 10 Years
Zamrazilová H., Hainer V., 1Černá M., Kunešová M., Braunerová R., 2Štěpán J., Nedvídková J., Hill M., Pařízková J.
Endokrinologický ústav, Praha 1Ústav pro péči o matku a dítě, Praha 2III. Interní klinika 1. LF UK a VFN, Praha |
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Summary:
Backround. A protective effect of breast feeding on the development of obesity has been clearly
demonstrated. Several studies associated higher protein intake in postnatal period with the earlier
“adiposity rebound” and the higher BMI in later life.
Methods and Results. Twenty eight girls born at 34th week of pregnancy (weight: 2.22±0.31 kg,
length: 45.2±2.5 cm, BMI: 11.0±1.5 kg/m2), were subdivided in two groups differing in protein
intake during the first postnatal month due to either breast feeding or formula feeding (113.5±18.7
g/month vs. 174.00±14.3 g/month; p<0.0001). Groups did not differ in average body weight, height
and BMI at birth. Anthropometric and hormonal characteristics, body composition, energy and
macronutrient intakes were determined at the age of 10 years in girls together with parental BMI.
Association between the early postnatal nutrition and anthropometric and hormonal indexes at 10
years was evaluated. No significant differences between the groups in anthropometric and hormonal
characteristics were found at 10 years except for IGF-1 which was significantly higher in the group
with increased postnatal protein intake. Protein intake during the first postnatal month was not
related to fat mass and leptin levels at 10 years. Protein intake during the first postnatal month
significantly correlated with IGF-1 level, BMI and body circumferences at 10 years. Postnatal fat
intake correlates with body circumferences and IGF-1 and also with sagital diameter and leptin at
10 years.
Conclusions. Early postnatal nutrition could encode IGF-1 in later life and this way may be involved
in body size programming. Factor analysis revealed IGF-1 as a link between the postnatal energy and
macronutrient intake and anthropometric indices and leptin at the age of 10 years.
Key words:
postnatal protein intake, anthropometric indices, fat mass, leptin, IGF-1, preterm infants.
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