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CZECH MEDICAL ASSOCIATION J. Ev. PURKYNĚ |
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ACTA CHIRURGIAE PLASTICAE 40, 4, 1998, pp. 115 - 127 | |
ROENTGENCEPHALOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE SKULLS
OF THE LUXEMBURGS, THE SECOND
BOHEMIAN ROYAL DYNASTY E. Vlček 1 , Z. Šmahel 2 1 National Museum, Prague 2 Chair of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic |
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Summary: X-ray films of the skull of the king and emperor Charles IV and his four wives and two sons were made under
standard conditions with the mandibles fixed in a centric occlusion. The results of roentgenocephalometric analy-
sis were compared with norms valid for the contemporary Czech population. Consistent with the somatic condi-
tion of Charles IV, the findings indicate an above-average large face with the usual anteriorotational
developmental type. The facial skeleton is structurally harmonious, but the sagittal intermaxillary relations belong
into skeletal class II with a relatively retruded lower jaw in relation to the upper one. This is associated with
a greater maxillary overjet of the upper incisors. The disharmony was caused by a fracture of the mandibular con-
dyles. Reconstruction of the condition before the injury revealed an originally normal anteroposterior relationship
of the jaws (skeletal class I) and occlusion of the incisors. As to the shape of the cranium, Charles IV’s wives differ
in basic features. In two, for different reasons, we find skeletal class II (retrogenia), in one skeletal class III (pro-
genia) and only in Elizabeth of Pomerania, with marked flattening of the cranial base and posteriorotation of the
face are the anteroposterior relations of the two jaws normal (skeletal class I). Wenceslas IV differs from his par-
ents Charles IV and Anne of Svidnic by a flat cranial base which pushes the lower jaw backwards, however, it
does not cause its posteriorotation; we find, similarly as in the father and mother, an anteriorotational growth type
of the face. In the other basic parameters of the cranium there are no marked differences between son and par-
ents. In evaluating the similarity of the facial structure of John of Görlitz to that of his parents, disagreement is
caused by the flat cranial base of the mother Elizabeth of Pomerania associated with posteriorotation of the face.
In the son we find, conversely, an even more marked anteriorotation than in the father and also other parameters
of the facial configuration indicating plausible agreement with the findings in Charles IV. The curving of the cranial
base has an impact on the shape of the whole cranium, but the results indicate that the heritability of the rota-
tional growth type of face and the degree of cranial base curvature probably is not very marked.
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